Choose Fertilizers with Balanced Nutrients: Garden shrubs require a balanced mix of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. Nitrogen promotes healthy foliage growth, phosphorus supports root development and flowering, and potassium enhances overall plant health and disease resistance.

Use Slow-Release Fertilizers: Slow-release fertilizers are ideal for shrubs as they provide a steady supply of nutrients over time. This reduces the risk of nutrient overload and ensures your shrubs are nourished consistently throughout the growing season.

Apply Fertilizer in Early Spring: The best time to fertilize shrubs in Illinois is in early spring, just before new growth begins. This helps jump-start the growing season and ensures your shrubs have the nutrients they need to grow vigorously. For some shrubs, a second application in mid-summer can be beneficial.

Consider Organic Fertilizers: Organic options such as compost, well-rotted manure, and bone meal offer gentle nourishment to shrubs without the risk of chemical buildup. These fertilizers improve soil structure and encourage the growth of beneficial microorganisms, which in turn support shrub health.

Fertilize Based on Soil Test Results: Before applying fertilizer, consider testing your soil to determine its nutrient profile and pH. Shrubs generally thrive in slightly acidic to neutral soil with a pH of 6.0 to 7.0. Adjusting your soil’s pH if needed can enhance nutrient uptake and shrub growth.

Avoid Over-Fertilizing: Too much fertilizer, especially nitrogen, can lead to excessive leaf growth at the expense of flowering and root development. Follow the recommended application rates to prevent nutrient imbalances and avoid harming your shrubs.

Apply Fertilizer Evenly: Use a broadcast spreader or hand applicator to evenly distribute the fertilizer around the base of the shrub, ensuring all roots have access to the nutrients. Water the shrubs thoroughly after fertilizing to help the nutrients reach the root zone.